Village Food Policy and Security Networks The Role of Bridging Social Capital in Collaborative Governance and Household Access to Food in Klungkung Village, Jember
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Background: Food security is determined not only by the adequacy and availability of production, but also by governance and the relationships among actors that facilitate access to information, assistance, and social support. In the village context, the structure of networks among actors is crucial because it determines how information and food resources circulate and influences household access to food. Objectives: This article analyzes the food security policy network in the village of Klungkung, Jember, emphasizing the role of bridging social capital in fostering collaborative governance and household food security outcomes. Methods: The study employed a survey design involving 50 households. Food security was measured using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) and indicators of dietary diversity, while food-related relational networks were mapped using Social Network Analysis (SNA). Analyses were also conducted to identify bridging actors or brokers, as well as the relationship between network strength and household food security outcomes. Results and Discussion: Network analysis shows that the network is fairly well-connected but fragmented into several clusters; out of a total of 1,225 potential relationships, 156 actual relationships were identified, corresponding to a density of 0.13, indicating that the flow of information and resources tends to circulate within specific groups. This study also identified bridging actors or brokers who connect these clusters and play a crucial role in the diffusion of information and the coordination of food assistance. The results of the network–outcome analysis show that household connectivity through bridging ties is correlated with lower HFIAS scores, more secure food access, and a more diverse consumption pattern, even after controlling for household conditions. Conclusion: The study’s findings confirm that networks serve as an implementation mechanism that influences equitable access to food. The policy implication is the need for “network-weaving” strategies—namely, expanding cross-cluster connectivity, decentralizing broker functions to prevent concentration, and strengthening the transparency of information channels and distribution criteria to foster more inclusive village food security.
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