Pengembangan Varietas Unggul Padi untuk Lahan Terdampak Salinitas

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Published: Oct 26, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33964/jp.v29i2.442
Keywords:
padi toleran salinitas pemuliaan tanaman

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Aris Hairmansis
Indonesian Center for Rice Research
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3899-9097

Abstract

Kadar garam yang tinggi pada tanah menjadi salah satu masalah utama pada pertanaman padi di lahan rawa pasang surut dan lahan sawah sepanjang pesisir pantai. Konsentrasi garam yang tinggi pada tanah dapat menyebabkan penurunan hasil bahkan dapat mengakibatkan gagal panen atau puso. Penanaman varietas yang toleran terhadap salinitas menjadi cara yang paling efisien untuk mengurangi dampak negatif kegaraman tanah terhadap keberlanjutan poduksi padi. Berbagai usaha telah ditempuh untuk memperbaiki toleransi tanaman padi baik melalui pemuliaan konvensional, maupun dengan bantuan teknologi seperti marka molekuler dan rekayasa genetik. Pengetahuan dalam mekanisme toleransi tanaman padi terhadap cekaman salinitas telah berkembang dengan pesat mendukung program perakitan varietas toleran. Sejumlah varietas unggul padi toleran salinitas telah dilepas di Indonesia dan potensial untuk diadopsi petani di lahan terdampak salinitas. Makalah ini akan membahas kemajuan yang telah diperoleh dalam studi terkait toleransi tanaman terhadap salinitas dan strategi pengembangan varietas padi toleran salinitas yang dibutuhkan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas padi di lahan-lahan pertanian yang terdampak salinitas di Indonesia.

Article Details

Issue
Vol. 29 No. 2 (2020): PANGAN
Section
Articles
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Author Biography

Aris Hairmansis, Indonesian Center for Rice Research

Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi

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