Peningkatan Produksi dan Kualitas Susu Melalui Injeksi Bovine Somatotropin (bST) dan Suplementasi Seng Selama Masa Kering Pada Sapi Peranakan Fries Holland (PFH)

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Dzarnisa Dzarnisa

Abstract

Sebanyak 16 ekor sapi perah Fries Holland (PFH) dalam masa kering kandang di Peternakan INKOPPOL di Cijeruk Bogor, telah digunakan untuk mempelajari pengaruh injeksi bovine somatotropin (bST) dan suplementasi mineral logam seng (Zn) terhadap peningkatan volume produksi dan kualitas susu pada periode laktasi berikutnya. Pada penelitian ini sapi-sapi dibagi ke dalam dua kelompok dan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok 2x2. Kelompok pertama adalah sapi kontrol terdiri atas delapan ekor. Kelompok kedua disuntik dengan bST. Faktor pertama adalah penyuntikan dengan bST dua tingkat dosis, yaitu nol (kontrol) dan 250 mg per ekor per dua minggu. Sedangkan faktor kedua adalah suplementasi Seng ( Zn) dengan dua tingkat dosis, yakni: 35 ppm dan 75 ppm. Peubah yang diukur adalah: fa’ali hewan (frekuensi pernafasan dan suhu tubuh), kimia darah (hematokrit, hemoglobin, glukosa dan trigliserida), produksi susu, volume ambing, kualitas susu (jumlah bakteri susu, pH, komponen gizi: protein, lemak, laktosa dan karbohidrat ), sanitasi dan mastitis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Bovine somatotropin tidak meningkatkan frekuensi pernafasan, suhu tubuh dan kimia darah ( hematokrit, hemoglobin, glukosa dan trigliserida). Injeksi bovine somatotropin pada sapi perah dalam periode kering dapat memberi pengaruh yang nyata (signifikan) pada peningkatan produksi susu dan volume ambing. Terdapat interaksi antara bST dengan suplementasi seng pada produksi susu dan volume ambing. Injeksi bovine somatotropin dan suplementasi seng selama periode kering dapat meningkatkan produksi susu sampai 17-25 persen. Suplementasi seng yang dikombinasi dengan somatotropin, ternyata juga dapat mengurangi mastitis subklinis.

Sixteen dry period dairy cows of the Fries Holland Breed in INKOPPOL Cijeruk, a highland in Bogor, were used to study the effect bovine somatotropin (bST) injection and zinc (Zn) supplementation during dry period on the improvement of milk yield and milk quality in the next lactation. The experimental cows were classified into two groups and assigned into a randomized block design with a 2x2 factorial arrangement of treatments. The first factor was somatotropin treatment consisting of two levels: without injection (control) and biweekly injection with 250 mg of somatotropin (bST) per head. The second factor was with zinc supplementation at 35 ppm and 75 ppm. Variables measured were the respiration frequency and rectal temperature, blood chemistry (hematocrit, hemoglobin glucose and triglyceride), milk yield, udder volume, milk quality (bacterial count, pH, nutrition: protein, fat, lactose, carbohydrate), sanitation, and mastitis. It was found that Bovine somatotropin did not significantly increase the respiration rate, rectal temperature and blood chemistry (hematocrit, hemoglobin, glucose and triglyceride). However, Bovine somatotropin injection in the dry period significantly increased milk production and udder volume. There was an interaction between bST dan zinc supplementation on milk production and udder volume. Bovine somatotropin injection biweekly and supplementation in dry period increased milk production by 17-25 percents. Supplementation of zinc in combination with somatotropin reduced subclinical incident of mastitis in the dry period.

 

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Dzarnisa Dzarnisa

Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh

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